RISET AKUNTANSI- BAB 6

Bab 6

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS AND POINTS TO PONDER


1. What are the basic research design issues?Describe them in some detail.

2. Why are the basic design issues important to consider before conducting the study and even as early as the time of formulating the research question?

3. Is a field study totally out off the question if one is trying to establish cause and effect relationship?

4. ”An exploratory study is just as useful as a predictive study.”Discuss this statement.

5. Why is the unit of analysis an integral part of the research design?

6. Discuss the interrelationships among noncontrived setting,the purpose of the study,type of investigation,researcher interference,and time horizon of study.

7. Bellow are two scenarios.Indicate how the research should proceed in each case;that is ,determine the following,giving reasons:
a. The purpose of the study
b. The type of investigation
c. The extent of researcher interference
d. The study setting
e. The time horizon for the study
f. The unit of analysis

Answer

1. This concludes the discussion on the basic design issues regarding,purpose of the study,type of investigation,extent of researcher interlerence,study setting,unit of analysis,and the time horizon.The researcher would determine the appropriate decisions to be made in the study design based on the problem definition,the research objective,the extent of rigor desired,and cost considerations.

2. Sometimes,because of the time and cost involved,a researcher night be constrained to settle for less than what would be the "ideal"researcher design. For instance,the researcher might have to conduct a cross-sectional instead of a longitudinal study,do a field study rather than a larger sample size,and so on,thus sub optimizing the research design decisions and settling for a lower level of scientific rigor because of resource constraining.

3. No, because if we do field studies, we must create questions and these questions form the exact cause and effect relationship.

4. an exploratory study is undertaken when not much is known about the situation at hand,or when no information is available on how similiar problems or research issues have been solved in the past and exploratory studies are important for obtaining a good graps of the phenomena of interest and for advancing knowledge through good theory building and hypothesis testing.

5. Because the unit of analysis refers to the level of aggregation of the data collected during the subsequent data analysis stage.

6. Linkage among others, to test the hypothesis in the research and is the examination that can be done in other situations similar organizations, is also the methods to solve a problem in the research.

7. a. Studies can be either exploratory in nature,or descriptive,or they can be conducted to test hypotheses.
The case study,which is an examination of studies done in other similiar organizational situations,is also a method of solving problems,or for understanding phenomena of interest and generating additional knowledge in that area.
b. . Type of investigation:
causal versus correlational
When the researcher wants to deiineate the cause of one or more problems,then the study is called a causal study.
When the researcher is interested in deiineating the important variables that are associated with the problem,it is called a correlational study.
c. The extent to which the researcher interferes with the normal flow of work at the workplace has a direct bearing on whether the study undertaken is causal or correlational.
A correlational study is conducted in the natural environment of the organization,with the researcher interfering minimally with the normal flow of work.
And in studies conducted to establish cause and effect relationship,the researcher tries to
manipulate certain variables so as to study the effects of such manipulation on the dependent variable of interest.
d. Study setting:
Contrived and Noncontrived
e. Time horizon :
cross-ectional versus longitudinal studies
cross-sectional studies : a study can be done in which data are gathered just once,perhaps over a period of days or weeks or months,in order to answer a researcher question.
longitudinal studies : such studies,as when data on the dependent variable are gathered at two or more points in time to answer the research question,are called longitudinal studies.
f.The unit of analysis refers to the level of aggregation of the data collected during the subsequent data analysis stage.